Implanted Atoms as Implements

LATTICE SITES OF ION IMPLANTED Cu ATOMS IN DIAMOND

Radioactive Cu atoms were accelerated to 60 keV at the online isotope separator ISOLDE at CERN, and implanted into a type IIa natural diamond sample to a dose of 2 x 10 cm. The channeling of β particles and conversion electrons emitted in the decay of Cu and Zn*, respectively, were monitored about the three major axial directions with a two dimensional position-sensitive detector. The electron ...

The Inverse Method Implements theAutomata

Quantum Black Holes as Atoms

In some respects the black hole plays the same role in gravitation that the atom played in the nascent quantum mechanics. This analogy suggests that black hole mass M might have a discrete spectrum. I review the physical arguments for the expectation that black hole horizon area eigenvalues are uniformly spaced, or equivalently, that the spacing between stationary black hole mass levels behaves...

The Implements of the Igloo.

Thermal activation of As implanted in bulk Si and separation by implanted oxygen

We have studied arsenic (As) diffusion and its electrical activation in two different types of silicon substrates: bulk Si and separation by implanted oxygen (SIMOX) wafers. Both substrates were implanted with a dose of 531014 cm−2 As+ at 20 keV. The samples were annealed and physical characterization was performed with secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), Rutherford backscattering spectrome...